1. Rambutan
(sumber gambar: aktual.com)
The rambutan is a fruit that
grows on tropical tree. The word rambutan is derived from the Malay word rambut which
means “hair”,
a reference to the numerous hairy protuberances of the fruit. The rambutan
is native to
the Indonesian region, and other regions of tropical Southeast Asia.
Around the 13th to 15th centuries, Arab traders, who played a major
role in Indian Ocean trade, introduced rambutan into Zanzibar and Pemba of East
Africa. In the 19th century, the Dutch introduced rambutan from their
colony in Southeast Asia to Suriname in
South America. Subsequently, the plant spread to tropical Americas, planted in
the coastal lowlands f Colombia, Ecuador, Honduras, Costa Rica, Trinidad and Tobago,
and Cuba. In 1912, rambutan was introduced to the Philippines from
Indonesia. The rambutan flourishes from sea-level to 500 or
even 600
meters (1,600 or even 1,800 ft), in tropical, humid
regions having well-distributed rainfall.
The rambutan tree reaches 15 to 25 meters (50 to 80 ft)
in height, has a straight trunk to 60 cm (2 ft) wide, and a dense, usually
spreading crown. The evergreen leaves are alternate, pinnately compound,
7 to 30 cm (2.75 to 12 in) long. The flowers are small, from 2.5 to 5 mm, apetalous,
discoidal, and borne in erect terminal panicles from 15 to 30 cm wide. Aromatic
rambutan flowers are highly attractive to many insects, especially bees.
The bright-red, oval fruit, about the size of a small
hen’s egg, is
covered with long, soft spines and has a tasty acid pulp. The fruit are usually eaten fresh and
also used in making jams and jellies, or canned.
There are about 50 calories in 100 grams (3.5
ounces) of
rambutans. This fruit is a good source of
dietary fiber and vitamin C. It also contains a good amount of copper and offers
smaller amounts of manganese, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, iron and zinc
as well.
Thailand is the largest producer of rambutan followed by
Indonesia and Malaysia. Evergreen rambutan trees with their abundant colored
fruit make beautiful
landscape specimens.
2. Water melon
(sumber gambar : amazon.in)
Watermelon is the fruit of a plant in originally
from a vine of southern Africa. Watermelon is a fruit and
a vegetable.
It is a fruit because it grows from a seed, it has a sweet flavor and
refreshing qualities. It is a vegetable because it is harvested and cleared
from the field like other vegetables and because it is a member of the same
family as the cucumbers, pumpkin and squash.
The watermelon is an annual plant that has a prostrate or climbing
habit. Stems are
up to 3 meters (10 feet) long and new growth has yellow or brown hairs. Leaves are
6 to 20 centimeters long (2.3 to 7.9 in) and 4 to 15 centimeters (1.6 to 6 in)
wide. These usually have three lobes which are themselves lobed or doubly
lobed. Each light
yellow flower is either male or female, producing only
pollen or fruit, respectively
Watermelon weight
varies from 1
to 2 kg (2.5 to 5 pounds) to 20 kg (44
pounds) or more. The number of fruits per vine varies from 2 to 15.
The sweet, juicy flesh is
usually deep red to pink, with many black seeds, although seedless varieties
have been cultivated. Watermelon fruit is 91% water, contains 6%
sugars, and is low in fat. There are 30 calories in 100 grams (3.5
ounces) of
watermelon.
Watermelon is a very good source of vitamin C. It is
also a good source of pantothenic acid, copper, biotin, potassium, vitamin A
(in the form of carotenoids), vitamin B1, vitamin B6 and magnesium. The health benefits of
watermelon include prevention of kidney disorders, high
blood pressure, cancer, diabetes, heart diseases, heat
stroke, macular degeneration, and impotence.
3. Pomegranate
(sumber gambar: medcarespain.com)
The pomegranate (Punica granatum) is
a fruit-bearing
deciduous shrub or small tree in the family Lythraceae. Pomegranate is native to
a region from modern-day Iran through Afghanistan and Pakistan to northern
India. Today,
it is widely cultivated throughout the Middle East and Caucasus region, north
and tropical Africa, South Asia, Central Asia, the drier parts of southeast
Asia, and parts of the Mediterranean Basin. It is also cultivated in parts
of Arizona and California.
The name pomegranate derives from medieval. Latin pōmum “apple“ and grānātum “seeded.” A shrub or small tree growing
6 to 10 meters (20 to 33 feet) high, the pomegranate has multiple spiny
branches and is extremely long-lived, with some specimens in France surviving
for 200 years.
The leaves are opposite or sub-opposite, glossy, narrow
oblong, entire, 3 to 7 centimeters (1.2 to 2.8 inches) long and 2 centimeters
(0.8 inches) broad.. The flowers are bright red and 3 centimeters (1.2
inches) in diameter, with three to seven petals. The fruit is
between an orange and a grapefruit in size, 7 to 12 centimeters (2.7 to 4.7
inches) in diameter with a rounded hexagonal shape, and has thick reddish skin.
The number of seeds in a pomegranate can vary from 200 to about 1,400. The
edible parts are the seeds and the red seed pulp surrounding them.
The fruit is typically in season in
the Northern Hemisphere from September to February, and in the Southern
Hemisphere from March to May. Pomegranate is among the most popular,
nutritionally rich fruit with unique flavor, taste, and heath promoting
qualities. Pomegranate
juice has long been a popular drink in Europe, the Middle
East and is now widely distributed in the United States and Canada.
4. Olive
(sumber gambar: oleacompany.com)
The olive is a fruit, not
a vegetable. Can
be green, purple, dark brown, black, and even pink color.Olive tree originates from
the coast of Mediterranean sea and
western Asia. Olive
tree can reach 8 – 15 meters (26 – 49 feet) in height.
Crown is well branched and rounded in shape. Olive tree has oval-shaped,
elongated leaves. They are leathery, grayish green on the upper
side and whitish on the lower side.
The olive flower is white and only flowers after four years. First harvest can be
expected after 15 years. Olive tree is evergreen and
can live up to 2000
years. Today there are over 800 million olive trees planted
worldwide. The average life of an olive tree is between 300 and 600 years.
The one of oldest olive
tree in the world is on the island of Crete. The tree is
about 4,000
years old and is still producing fruit. Olive tree
produces small, egg-shaped fruit that
usually reaches 1.5 – 2 centimeters (0.6 to 0.8 inches) in length. Color of the
fruit depends on the maturity of the fruit. Unripe fruit
is green. Ripe fruit is dark purple to black in color. Olives are not edible,
green or ripe, and must be treated with lye and/or cured in brine or dry salt before being
edible. They must be processed to remove the bitter glucoside oleuropein, before they are edible, so they
are usually first treated with lye and then pickled.
The largest type of olive is called a ‘donkey olive’.
The smallest is
known as a ‘bullet’. Olives contain about 20% oil. People
around the world consume 2.25 million liters of olive oil each year. This oil is
much healthier and has more delicate flavor compared to the regular vegetable
oils.
Olives are rich source of oils, minerals and
vitamins A, E, K and B.Olive oil is rich in polyphenols – natural
anti-oxidants, healthy monosaturated fats and oleic acid, such as Omega-6 and
Omega-3. It helps to prevent coronary heart disease, lower cholesterol and
blood pressure, reduce ageing effect, strengthen the immune system, protect
from the damaging effects of free-radicals and more.
5. Kiwi fruit
(sumbergambar: indiamart.com)
Kiwifruit grows as vine. It can reach the size of 10
meters (33 feet) in length. Kiwifruit can produce fruits up
to 30 years and to survive more than 50 years. The kiwifruit was first found
growing in China, where
it was known by the name “Yang Tao”. At the beginning of the twentieth century,
missionaries brought the fruit to the island of New Zealand, where it received
it’s name “kiwi” after the small flightless bird native to the island.
Main pollinators for kiwifruit are bees.Farmers
sometimes pollinate kiwifruit on their own by spreading large quantities of
pollen toward the female plants. iwifruit are rich in many bioactive compounds
that have antioxidant capacity to help to protect against free radicals,
harmful by-products produced in the body.
Kiwifruit
contains two times more vitamin C than oranges. It is also rich source of
vitamin E and K. It also contains good amounts of minerals like manganese, iron
and magnesium. Kiwifruit can help improve the function of your immune system . Medium
sized kiwifruit contains only 46 calories.
Over 1 million tons of kiwifruit are produced each
year. Majority of kiwi fruit is produced in Italy, Chile and New Zealand. Size,
color of the skin, color of the flesh, texture and taste of kiwifruit depend on
the species. Hairless varieties of kiwifruit are also commercially available. Eating two kiwifruits an hour before bedtime will help
you fall asleep quicker. Sleep more soundly and feel better tested when you
wake up in the morning
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